Input-Output:reasoning chapter 1

Input-Output:
Consider the following problem
Input  :   Sale   data  18  23  for  95  then  38
Step I :  data  sale  18  23  for  95  then  38
Step II :  data  95  sale  18  23  for  then  38
Step III :  data  95  for  sale  18  23  then  38
Step IV :  data  95  for  38  sale  18  23  then
Step V :  data  95  for  38  sale  23  18  then
Step VI :  data  95  for  38  sale  23  then  18
And step VI is last step
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Now short approach to solve this is not to see whole pattern but directly see the last step. Generally it will arrange words according to dictionary in forward or reverse manner and digits also in ascending or descending form. It could be any pattern given by the examiner, but in almost all cases you will be able to figure out the pattern by watching the last step only
In this question we can see in last step that ENGLISH alphabets are in dictionary order starting from
A to Z and numbers are in descending order, so our half work is done… as we know the pattern of the arrangement i.e. first an english letter with higher order, then highest number, then english letter in ascending number, then number just less than highest number and so on…….
One more step is to see that words are arranged in each step by shifting or swaping
Shifting : shifting means tat desire numberor alphabet comes to its place and all the words and letters are shifted as it is after that word
For eg
data  goat solo eat her zoo
now eat has to come before goat so we shift it as
data eat (goat solo her zoo) arranged as it is
Swapping : In this type one word is replaced by other one
For eg
Data goat solo eat her zoo
We swap it as
Data eat solo goat her zoo
(here eat and goat are interchanged)
Now as per the present scenario we mostly have shifting type of pattern and we have a short trick for it to find answers of question
If it is given in question that Second step of input is so and so find fifth step, so in these question instead of solving it completely, we can see that if given step is second step so AT LEAST two words are already arranged  so look at the given stucture that if 2 or 3 or how many words are arranged after that instead of writing it step by step put the step number on words with PENCIL which are arranged and then put the step number on next word which should come next and increase the counter of the steps i.e. step 3 in your mind, then put step number to the next word that should come in the arrangement and increase step counter.
In some cases after arranging a number or word, the next word seems already in arrangement, then we put same step number for that word also. In this case we will put the word or number but we will not increase the step counter as we do not have to shift it anywhere, it was already at its place.
For eg-
Data(1)  solo(3’) goat(2) eat(1’) her(3) zoo(3”)
Also as per first example, we will arrange by marking as well:
Input  :   Sale(4’)   data(1)  18(6’)  23(5)  for(3)  95(2)  then(6)  38(4)
If the Input is like: Sale  18 data  95  23  for  then  38
Then:   Sale(4’)  23(4”) data(1)  95(2)  then(4”’)  for(3)  18(4””)  38(4)
Here after arranging 4^th step, remaining words already formed the arrangement , so only 4 step needed to solve the question.
* Generally there is a question in which it is asked that step III or any step of the arrangement is given , then he asks any of the previous steps than step III or whichever step is given, step I or step II in this case. In these question the answer will be CANNOT BE DETERMINED.